Exploring the Evolution and Contrasts of Traditional and Modern Jazz

Swinging Through Time with the Legacy of Jazz

Featured Photo by Pedro Netto on Unsplash

Jazz is a musical genre that has evolved over time, with traditional jazz and modern jazz representing two distinct styles that have captured the hearts of music lovers around the world. Traditional jazz emerged in the early 20th century and is characterized by its improvisational nature, collective playing, and use of brass instruments. On the other hand, modern jazz emerged in the mid-20th century and is marked by its experimentation, individualism, and use of electronic instruments.

Despite their differences, both styles have made significant contributions to the world of music and continue to be enjoyed to this day. In this article, we will take a closer look at the evolution of traditional and modern jazz, exploring their contrasting styles and highlighting some of the most influential artists who have contributed to their development. So sit back, relax, and let’s swing through time as we explore the world of jazz music.

The Evolution of Jazz Music – From Traditional to Modern Jazz

Jazz music started in the late 19th century in New Orleans, Louisiana, and has since then spread throughout the world. The genre has evolved over time, and there are two main styles of jazz music: traditional and modern jazz.

Traditional jazz emerged in the early 20th century and is characterized by its improvisational nature, collective playing, and use of brass instruments. Some of the earliest forms of traditional jazz include Dixieland and New Orleans jazz. Dixieland jazz emerged in the early 1900s and is characterized by its use of improvisation, syncopation, and brass instruments. New Orleans jazz, on the other hand, emerged in the early 1910s and is characterized by its use of collective improvisation and brass band instrumentation.

Modern jazz emerged in the mid-20th century and is marked by its experimentation, individualism, and use of electronic instruments. Some of the earliest forms of modern jazz include bebop, cool jazz, and hard bop. Bebop emerged in the mid-1940s and is characterized by its use of fast tempos, complex chord progressions, and improvisation. Cool jazz, on the other hand, emerged in the late 1940s and is characterized by its subdued tempos, relaxed melodies, and use of non-traditional instruments such as the French horn and flute. Finally, hard bop emerged in the mid-1950s and is a fusion of bebop and gospel music, characterized by its use of bluesy melodies and hard-driving rhythms.

The Characteristics of Traditional Jazz Music

Traditional jazz music is characterized by its improvisational nature, collective playing, and use of brass instruments. One of the most defining features of traditional jazz is its use of collective improvisation, which involves multiple band members improvising at the same time. This technique gives traditional jazz a lively and spontaneous feel.

Another defining feature of traditional jazz is its use of brass instruments. Brass instruments such as the trumpet, trombone, and saxophone are used to create the distinctive sound of traditional jazz. These instruments are often played in unison, creating a rich and full sound that is synonymous with traditional jazz.

Finally, traditional jazz music is known for its lively and upbeat tempo. This tempo is designed to get people up and dancing, and it is a key feature of traditional jazz music.

The Pioneers of Traditional Jazz Music

There have been many influential artists who have contributed to the development of traditional jazz music. One of the most important pioneers of traditional jazz is Louis Armstrong, who is widely considered to be one of the greatest jazz musicians of all time. Armstrong’s innovative style of playing the trumpet and his use of improvisation helped to define the sound of traditional jazz.

Other influential artists who contributed to the development of traditional jazz include Jelly Roll Morton, Bix Beiderbecke, and Duke Ellington. Morton is known for his use of ragtime and blues in his music, while Beiderbecke is known for his lyrical and melodic style of playing the trumpet. Ellington, on the other hand, is known for his use of orchestration and his ability to blend different styles of music together.

The Influence of African-American Culture on Traditional Jazz Music

African-American culture has had a significant impact on the development of traditional jazz music. Many of the pioneers of traditional jazz were African-American, and their music was influenced by the blues and gospel music that was popular in African-American communities at the time.

The use of call-and-response techniques in traditional jazz is also a reflection of African-American culture. Call-and-response involves one musician playing a phrase, and another musician responding with a different phrase. This technique is often used in gospel music, and it has been adapted into traditional jazz music.

Finally, the improvisational nature of traditional jazz is also a reflection of African-American culture. Improvisation has long been a part of African-American music, and it is a key feature of traditional jazz music.

The Characteristics of Modern Jazz Music

Modern jazz music is marked by its experimentation, individualism, and use of electronic instruments. One of the defining features of modern jazz is its use of electronic instruments such as the synthesizer and electric guitar. These instruments are used to create new sounds and textures that were not possible with traditional jazz instruments.

Another defining feature of modern jazz is its focus on individualism. Modern jazz musicians are encouraged to develop their own unique style and sound, and they are often praised for their individuality. This focus on individualism has led to the development of new sub-genres of jazz, such as avant-garde jazz and free jazz.

Finally, modern jazz music is known for its experimentation. Modern jazz musicians are constantly pushing the boundaries of what is possible with jazz music, and they are not afraid to incorporate elements of other genres into their music.

The Pioneers of Modern Jazz Music

There have been many influential artists who have contributed to the development of modern jazz music. One of the most important pioneers of modern jazz is Charlie Parker, who is widely considered to be one of the greatest saxophonists of all time. Parker’s innovative style of playing the saxophone and his use of improvisation helped to define the sound of modern jazz.

Other influential artists who contributed to the development of modern jazz include Miles Davis, John Coltrane, and Thelonious Monk. Davis is known for his use of modal jazz, while Coltrane is known for his complex and virtuosic style of playing the saxophone. Monk, on the other hand, is known for his use of dissonant harmonies and unusual time signatures.

The Influence of Global Music on Modern Jazz Music

Modern jazz music has been influenced by a wide range of global music styles. Many modern jazz musicians have incorporated elements of Latin American music, African music, and Indian music into their music. This has led to the development of new sub-genres of jazz, such as Afro-Cuban jazz and world fusion jazz.

The use of non-traditional instruments in modern jazz is also a reflection of the influence of global music. Many modern jazz musicians have incorporated instruments such as the sitar, tabla, and djembe into their music, creating new sounds and textures that were not possible with traditional jazz instruments.

Finally, the use of electronic instruments in modern jazz is another reflection of the influence of global music. Electronic music has been popular in many parts of the world for decades, and modern jazz musicians have incorporated elements of electronic music into their music to create new sounds and textures.

Contrasts Between Traditional and Modern Jazz Music

Despite their many similarities, traditional jazz and modern jazz are also very different from each other. Traditional jazz is characterized by its improvisational nature, collective playing, and use of brass instruments, while modern jazz is marked by its experimentation, individualism, and use of electronic instruments.

One of the main differences between traditional jazz and modern jazz is their approach to improvisation. In traditional jazz, improvisation is often done collectively, with multiple band members improvising at the same time. In modern jazz, improvisation is often done individually, with each musician taking turns to improvise.

Another difference between traditional jazz and modern jazz is their use of electronic instruments. Traditional jazz is characterized by its use of brass instruments, while modern jazz often incorporates electronic instruments such as the synthesizer and electric guitar.

Finally, traditional jazz is known for its lively and upbeat tempo, while modern jazz often has a more subdued and relaxed tempo.

Jazz Festivals Around the World

Jazz festivals are a great way to experience the world of jazz music. There are many jazz festivals held around the world each year, featuring some of the biggest names in jazz music. Some of the most popular jazz festivals include the Montreux Jazz Festival in Switzerland, the New Orleans Jazz & Heritage Festival in the United States, and the North Sea Jazz Festival in the Netherlands.

Jazz festivals are a great way to experience different styles of jazz music and to discover new artists. They also provide an opportunity to meet other jazz fans and to experience the culture and atmosphere of different cities around the world.

Here to Stay

Jazz music has evolved over time, with traditional jazz and modern jazz representing two distinct styles that have captured the hearts of music lovers around the world. Traditional jazz is characterized by its improvisational nature, collective playing, and use of brass instruments, while modern jazz is marked by its experimentation, individualism, and use of electronic instruments.

Despite their differences, both styles have made significant contributions to the world of music and continue to be enjoyed to this day. From the pioneers of traditional jazz such as Louis Armstrong and Duke Ellington to the pioneers of modern jazz such as Charlie Parker and Miles Davis, jazz music has been shaped by some of the most innovative and influential musicians of all time.

So whether you prefer the lively and upbeat tempo of traditional jazz or the experimental and individualistic nature of modern jazz, there is no denying the enduring appeal of this timeless musical genre.

Special Hoagy Carmichael Q&A with Joe Lang (Part III)

Special Hoagy Carmichael Q&A with Joe Lang (Part III)

Happy belated birthday to the legendary composer Hoagy Carmichael, who if still alive, would’ve turned 123 this year on November 22nd!

In honor of the multitalented songwriter, we are wrapping up our chat with Joe Lang, who writes for the New Jersey Jazz Association.

JK: Tell us more about your interest in Hoagy Carmichael.

JL: He was my favorite songwriter. I became aware of him as a little kid because my dad used to sing around the house, and one of the songs he sang was “Stardust.” I was maybe four years old when I learned the words to “Stardust” and I used to go around and sing it to everyone and people thought what is this, a little kid singing about reverie?

Hoagy was the first person in the entertainment world I was aware of and over time he became a hero of mine. You know there’s an awful lot of great songwriters in American song—Cole Porter, Irving Berlin, Ira Gershwin, Harlen Howard, and I love them all, but I love Hoagy more than anybody.

Somebody once asked me who my three favorite songwriters were and my answer kind of flustered a lot of people because I said Hoagy, Stephen Sondheim, and Thelonious Monk and they didn’t see the connection. But you know I’m not a musician I’m a fan, so I’m not technically able to talk about music but I’ve listened to enough that you pick a lot up. For me, though, music is a very emotional experience rather than a technical experience, so a lot of songs strike me a certain way. I always tell people my favorite female singer was June Christie, not because I think she was the best female singer but there was just something about her singing that struck me emotionally—the sound of her voice, the phrasing, the fact that she kind of sang flat some of the time, it was kind of intentional and just was the thing that I react to.

And of course, I love a lot of Hoagy’s songs and lyrics, and I sat next to Hoagy Carmichael at his 80th birthday tribute and that had to be one of the greatest thrills of my life—to meet Hoagy, well not only meet him, but there were several performers on the show that he was not familiar with that he was asking me about, so I was educating him in a way. And early in the show, I think it was the second song they played, Bob Crosby introduced one of the earliest songs that Hoagy wrote and recorded, and it was called “March of the Hoodlums,” and I knew Hoagy’s music well, but I just didn’t remember having heard that song. Then about halfway through the sang, Hoagy jabbed me in the ribs with his elbow and said, “You know I don’t remember a damn note of that thing—I’m not even sure I wrote it! And so, I go home, and I had an album with early Hoagy Carmichael material on it and sure enough that song was on it, and there was also a recoding of that same song by Duke Ellington, so it was not an unknown song in its day, although it’s not one of Hoagy’s songs that has continued on.

It was funny that one of the guys who was on the program at the birthday tribute was Dave Frishberg. Now I thought that Frishberg was a latter-day Carmichael but when Frishberg came out, Hoagy had no idea who he was. Now Frishberg is a wonderful songwriter—he has a lot of songs that are a little bit different; that don’t follow a formula, and Hoagy was the same way—I think that’s one of the things that appealed to me about him. It wasn’t like you’d hear a song by him, and you’d think oh that’s a Hoagy song. He wrote so many different styles of songs and all so well. And he continued writing into the fifties. He probably kept writing after.

JK: I’d like to switch gears a bit here to talk about your short review of Night Is Alive’s album My Ship.

You wrote that Willie Jones II is “among the premier drummers on the scene today and demonstrates on this album that he also shines as a leader who knows how to put together a superior band. You will dig sailing on My Ship.

Now I am wondering—what is your favorite son on the album?

JL: You know I’d have to look at the album again because I review 10-12 albums a month and I listen to many more that I get in the mail all the time.

JK: There was “Can’t Buy Me Love,” “God Bless the Child,” “My Ship,” “Broadway,” “Taking a Chance on Love,” “Star Eyes,” “Wave,” “I Should Care” and “Christmas Time Is Here.”

JL: Hmmm but I would say the song “My Ship” was probably the one I liked best if I had to pick one.

Is Jazz Music Good for Studying?

Is jazz music good for studying?

With the schoolyear starting back up again, you might be thinking about how to improve your study skills. Maybe you want to try out meditating to declutter your mind before hitting the books. Or maybe you’re one of those people who motivates themselves with an M&M after each page.

Some people like to study early in the mornings, others like to stay up all night, and some prefer silence while others can’t stand it. Well, if you’re someone who likes noise, you might be glad to find out that jazz music is excellent for studying because it helps reduce stress!

One neuroscientist found that the improvised nature of jazz engages the brain and minimizes stress in ways that classical music does not. And stress, as you may already know, is the enemy of memory ability. The happier and more relaxed that you are, the more likely you are to remember an important fact or vocab word. And we all know that the swinging style of jazz always puts a smile on your face!

The only thing to possibly be wary of is jazz songs with singing because the lyrics may confuse and distract your brain. The best jazz to listen to while studying is definitely instrumental. 

So, sharpen your pencils, get out your highlighters and headphones and turn on these snazzy instrumental tunes!

 WJ3 All-Stars – Broadway

This vibrant, fast-paced 2022 tune will warm up those brain waves. Your eyes will glide easily through the dense paragraphs as you listen to the dazzling sax solo.

John Di Martino, Joe Magnarelli & Wayne Escoffery – Tell Me Why

Now that you’re in the groove, you’re probably becoming more curious about what you’re studying and learning. Like this jazz song, you’re digging deeper into the layers of meaning that exist in the world and you’re wondering, why? Why are things the way that they are? Well, keep up the hard work and contemplative thought and soon enough, you’ll be the expert with all the answers!

WJ3 All-Stars – I Should Care

I don’t know about you, but after studying for a while, I can start to get into a slump. Maybe you’re getting a bit drained and apathetic. But don’t worry, this song will give you the second wind that you’re craving! It’ll make you remember why you care so much about your studies.

John Di Martino, Joe Magnarelli & Wayne Escoffery – Please Don’t Go

The backbone of this song is definitely the energetic drumming, which creates an upbeat tempo that’ll perk you right up and get you through that last assignment. And then, once you’ve completed your work for the day, you can celebrate by dancing a little jig! The librarians will be so entertained that they just might not want you to go!

If you’re looking for more spunky instrumental jazz tunes to listen to while you study, check out our albums My Ship and Old New Borrowed & Blue, both of which are available in our store and on all major music platforms!

What is polyphony?

What is polyphony?

Get your notebooks out and your pencils sharpened, because today we are continuing our lesson in musical theory! If you haven’t already, please read our post about the differences between the melody and harmony.

So, last time we talked about how the melody is a sequence of notes that sound pleasing, while the harmony refers to a blending of notes. Before we go any further today, I’d like to also mention that the harmony can also informally refer to any parts of the composition that accompany the main melody. Remember, the melody is the backbone and leader of the piece, while the harmony refers to the vertical relationship between different pitches. The harmony creates chord progressions that complement the melody.

Now that we’ve refreshed ourselves on those basics, let’s take a look at a slightly more complex musical term—polyphony.

In Greek, ‘poly’ means many and ‘phony’ means voice, which contrasts with monophony, meaning one voice. As the etymology indicates, polyphony refers to music in which more than one entity—voice or instrument—plays melodic lines at the same time. This differs from harmony in the way that harmony is usually dependent on the main melody, whereas polyphonic music has each entity playing their own independent melodic lines.

However, things get tricky, because even though in polyphony, each “voice” is independent to a certain extent, these melodic lines are still connected by the overall harmonic framework. A polyphonic musical texture, therefore, still has harmony. The harmonic framework—meaning the blending of pitches to make chords—is what makes the music sound good! If a song didn’t have harmony, it would merely sound like an unpleasant cacophony of sounds. And, in case you didn’t know, ‘caco’ in Greek means bad.

Technically speaking, any music that consists of multiple “voices” is polyphonic, which would be most music. But in the Western music tradition, polyphony often refers to a particular technique called contrapuntal, or counterpoint. With this technique, there is no foreground or background lines, as with most pop songs today, but rather involves a mutual conversation between the lines. With counterpoint, the notes in each independent melodic line also coincide to create chords. Bach was a composer who loved writing in the intellectually stimulating counterpoint technique.

But chances are that if you’re reading this post, it’s because you love jazz music, so you may be wondering, what exactly does this have to do with jazz?

Well, polyphony was used in the traditional jazz that developed in New Orleans at the turn of the 20th century. In these early jazz compositions, the trumpet often played the melody, while the clarinet and trombone improvised semi-independent lines that were counterpoint in nature. And in bebop jazz—originating in the 1940s—the bass played a consistent countermelody of quarter notes that produced a polyphony with whatever other musical texture was played on top.

After that lesson in music theory, you deserve to sit back, relax, and let the polyphony of this 1993 jazz tune wash over you. Listen to the independent melodies of the bass trombone and bari sax in Mingus Big Band’s “Moanin’!”

Now that you understand musical theory better, why don’t you take a listen to the sample tracks from our newest album, My Ship, and see if you can identify the melody, harmony and chord progressions! Or just simply try to identify the different instruments that are playing simultaneously.

This post was written by Blog Editor, Jacqueline Knirnschild.

Playful Jazz Tunes for April Fool’s Day

From whoopee cushions to huge plastic spiders, pizza made from candy to confetti on the ceiling fan, April Fool’s Day pranks may seem like a juvenile thing of the past, but really, what’s so wrong about having a little harmless fun at someone else’s expense?

Maybe you’re shaking your head right now. Maybe you’re much too mature for all this nonsense and pranks simply aren’t for you. Well, that is okay, too! You don’t have to pull a prank in order to celebrate April Fool’s Day, which, by the way has roots in an ancient Roman festival that involved disguises and the mocking of fellow citizens.

There are many ways to recognize the holiday, like listening to the playful jazz tunes that we compiled just for you! Honor that inner child of yours by tapping your toes along to these songs while you drive to work or cook dinner.

Ella Fitzgerald – I Found My Yellow Basket

We all know and love Fitzgerald’s iconic tune “A-Tisket, A-Tasket,” which was based on a 19th century children’s nursery rhyme about a girl who lost her basket, but did you know that Fitzgerald came out with a follow-up song? Co-written by the Queen of Jazz herself, this charming little tune, released in 1938, just might help to bring your childhood back to life this April Fool’s Day! I found my yellow basket / Oh yes, I really did / I found the girl who took it / I knew just where she hid.

Hoagy Carmichael – Barnacle Bill the Sailor

Inspired by a traditional folk song, this bawdy 1930 tune, which has since become a popular drinking song, tells the story of a fictional sailor named Barnacle Bill. The sailor knocks on a woman’s door and tells her, in rowdy detail, about how he dips snuff and drinks whiskey from an old tin can. I fight and swear and drink and smoke.

Cab Calloway – A Chicken Ain’t Nothin’ But a Bird

Who knew there was a jazz song out there about chicken? I sure didn’t!

All joking aside, despite its silly subject content and lyrics, this tune really showcases the rhythm and soul of the 1940s. Not to mention, it’s hard to hold back a smile listening to such a fun song. You can boil it, roast it, broil it …

Cole Porter – Let’s Do It, Let’s Fall in Love

Did you know that Porter’s first attempt at Broadway was unsuccessful and that it was only after the producer of Paris—the musical from which this song first appeared—convinced Porter to give it another try that he became famous? This 1928 hit song is precisely what brought Porter success in Broadway!

And I bet you also didn’t know that this tune is a favorite of mine because the lyrics are just so witty! With the double entendre and sexual innuendos, it almost feels like Porter is pulling a prank on the audience and listener. Oysters down in oyster bay do it / Let’s do it, let’s fall in love.

John DiMartino, Joe Magnarelli & Wayne Escoffery – Please Don’t Go

With its fast pace, upbeat rhythm and stellar trumpeting, this brand-new song will be sure to put a pep in your step this April Fool’s Day. By the end of the day, you’ll be wishing that the day didn’t go by quite so fast!

If you’re looking for more jazz songs that merge contemporary musical artistry with the timelessness of jazz classics, look no further than our new album, Old New Borrowed & Blue, which is available in our store and on all major music platforms today.

This post was written by Blog Editor, Jacqueline Knirnschild.

“Who is Singing Tonight?”

It all happened one week before a private donor appreciation event.

Musician and bandleader Bill Cunliffe was scheduled to perform with a vocalist and eight-piece band. Months of planning had gone into making sure the event would be as successful as possible, and announcements were distributed electronically and via snail mail by the Night is Alive Productions team. The vocalist had provided recordings featuring herself and Bill on Youtube and other social media as a preview for the honored guests. All was going according to plan.

The event was highly anticipated by all involved, as it was their first time in Akron, Ohio and the first time Oliver Nelson’s music would be performed, reimagined, almost 50 years after its original release. Tunes like “Stolen Moments” (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yYl2HZ9_Zvs&list=RDyYl2HZ9_Zvs&start_radio=1&t=0) would have new life breathed into them by Bill and his group.

On the Thursday one week before the donor appreciation event, I was out of town on vacation. As Bill’s manager, I left town believing all was under control and running smoothly. He had booked his musicians and vocalist. The music was written and scored. The venue was secured. Little did I know, Bill was leaving messages on my cell phone with unhappy news: the vocalist was sick.

By the time I received the voicemails, it was Saturday and the date of the gig was inching closer. During times like these, one of my most important managing mottos comes into play: “It is not what you know, but who you know and what they think of you.” Bill, being a two-time Grammy award winner, is highly respected in the jazz world, and musicians are (thankfully) eager and willing to join him on the band stand. He reached out to fabulous vocalist Jane Monheit, who graciously agreed to perform on short notice and flew in on the red eye the evening before the event.

A testament to her world-class musicianship, Jane performed cold with barely any preparation and wowed the crowd with her poise and grace. Bill and the musicians in the band were also exceptional, their flexible professionalism leading to a successful and enjoyable event. In the days following the performance numerous phone calls from audience members flooded in, praising the ensemble and conveying heartfelt appreciation for Jane’s willingness to take over for the vocalist who fell ill.

Though such star power usually warrants multiple gigs, this particular group was only scheduled to perform two nights. The second performance was a ticketed event in Cleveland which completely sold out thanks to the Night is Alive Productions team (“We fill the seats!” Use Night is Alive Productions for your events: https://nightisalive.com/).

“Who is singing tonight?” is not a question you want to ask in the moments leading up to a gig. But if you do your job well and work with good people who are willing to help you out in a pinch, the rest will follow. In the end, the music itself is what brings people together and builds a loyal following. The music is the reason why we are here.

Read more about Bill’s tribute to Oliver Nelson here: https://billcunliffe.wordpress.com/2010/12/13/a-tribute-to-oliver-nelson-and-%E2%80%9Cthe-blues-and-the-abstract-truth/)

For more information about Managing Director Kathy Moses Salem and Night is Alive Productions, please visit our web page (https://nightisalive.com/) or contact directly via phone.

Article by Kathy Salem, Managing Director, Night is Alive
Revised and Transcribed by Elizabeth Carney, Content Editor, Night is Alive